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ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮਿੰਗ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮਿੰਗ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀ ਧਾਰਨਾ
do while
stytmYNt dw Awm rUp
(syntax)
kI hY?
do - while(expression);
do expression ; while(stat
do statement while(ex
koeI nhIN
do while loop
nUM kI ikhw jWdw hY?
post tYst lUp
pRI tYst lUp
swry
koeI nhIN
while loop
nUM kI ikhw jWdw hY?
post tYst lUp
pRI tYst lUp
swry
koeI nhIN
while loop
nUM G`t qoN G`t ikMnyH vwr lwgU kIqw jw skdw hY?
ie`k vwr vI nhIN jW zIro vwr
2 vwr
Axigxq vwr
3 vwr
do while loop
nUM G`t qoN G`t ikMnyH vwr lwgU kIqw jw skdw hY?
ie`k vwr
2 vwr
Axigxq vwr
3 vwr
ਖਾਲੀ ਥਾਵਾਂ ਭਰੋ
ie~k ivAkqI jo pRogrwm ilKdw hY ausƒ ............ ikhw jWdw hY[
pRogrwmr
hwrfvyAr sMbMDI loA lyvl AMdrUnI jwxkwrI .............. pRogrwimMg BwSw leI loVINdI hY[
loA lyvl
AYlgoirQm dI ic~qrwqmk pRsqUqI ƒ ............. ikhw jWdw hY[
PloA cwrt
hweI lyvl BwSw ivc ilKy sors pRogrwm ƒ AwbjYkt pRogrwm ivc qbdIl krn dI pRikirAw ƒ ........... ikhw jWdw hY[
kMpweIlySn
auh glqIAW jo kMpweIlr duAwrw nhIN l~BIAW jw skdIAW auhnW ƒ ............ ikhw jWdw hY[
lwjIkl AYrrz
ਛੋਟੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ
pRSn : pRogrwimMg kI hY?
auqr :
pRogrwm iksy kMm ƒ krn leI kMipaUtr duAwrw smJIAW jwx vwlIAW hdwieqW dw smUh huMdy hn[ iehnW hdwieqW ƒ pRogrwm ivc ilKx dw pRosYs pRogrwimMg khwauNdw hY[ auh ivAkqI, jo pRogrwm ilKdw hY aus ƒ pRogrwmr ikhw jWdw hY[
pRSn : pRosIzr ErIAYNtf pRogrwimMg BwSwvw ikhVIAW huMdIAW hn?
auqr :
pRosIzr ErIAYNtf BwSwvW ƒ qIsrI jYnrySn dIAW pRogrwimMg BwSwvW (
3GLs
) mMinAw jWdw hY[ iehnW BwSwvW iv~c pRogrwm bnwaux leI ausƒ Coty pRosIzrW jW sbrUtInW (
procedures or subroutines
) ivc vMf ky bxwieAw jWdw hY[ hr ie~k pRosIzr ivc iksy Kws kMm ƒ krvwaux leI hdwieqW dI ie~k lVI ilKI jWdI hY[ pRosIzr bnwaux qoN bwAd AsIN iehnW ƒ ie~k jW ie~k qoN v~D vwr pRogrwm ivc iksy vI QW qy vrq skdy hW[ iehnW BwSwvW ivc pRogrwm dIAW hdwieqW dw kRm bhuq mh~vpUrn huMdw hY[
FORTRAN, COBOL, Pascal, C
Awid ku~J mShur pRosIzrl BwSwvW dIAW audwhrxW hn[
pRSn : Plo-cwrt ivc vrqy jwx vwly v~K-v~K icMnHW dy nW ilKo[
auqr :
Plo-cwrt ivc vrqy jwx vwly v~K-v~K icMnH ies pRkwr hn:
• trmInl (AMfwkwr icMnH)
• ienpu~t/AwaUtpu~t (smWqr cqurBuj)
• pRosYisMg (Awieq)
• fwiemMf (roNbs)
• PloA-lweInW (AYro)
• knYktrs (c~kr)
pRSn : pRogrwimMg pRosYs ivc vrqy jwx vwly stYpW dy nW ilKo[
auqr :
pRogrwimMg pRosYs ivc vrqy jwx vwly stYpW dy nW ies pRkwr hn:
1. h~l kIqI jwx vwlI sm~isAw ƒ pirBwiSq krnw
2. sm~isAw dy h~l leI Xojnw iqAwr krnw
3. hweI lyvl BwSw ivc h~l leI koifMg krnw
4. pRogrwm ƒ kMpweIl krnw
5. pRogrwm ƒ tYst Aqy ifb~g krnw
6. pRogrwm dw dsqwvyjIkrn krnw
ਵੱਡੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ
pRSn : loA-lyvl pRogrwimMg BwSwvW kI huMdIAW hn? iehnW dy lwB Aqy kmIAW dw vrnx kro[
auqr :
mSIn Aqy AsYNblI BwSwvW ƒ loA-lyvl BwSwvW ikhw jWdw hY[ iehnW bwry jwxkwrI hyT ilKy Anuswr hY:
mSIn BwSw:
mSIn BwSw ƒ bweInrI BwSw vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh kMipaUtr isstmW dI mu~FlI (
fundamental
) BwSw huMdI hY ikauik ies BwSw ƒ kMipaUtr isstm is~Dy qOr qy smJdw hY[ ies BwSw ƒ smJx leI kMipaUtr ƒ iksy qrHW dI tRWslySn dI jrUrq nhIN pYNdI[ ieh BwSw isrP do bweInrI AMkW 0 Aqy 1 qoN iml ky bxI hY[
AsYNblI BwSw:
ies BwSw ƒ icMnHwqmk BwSw
(Symbolic Language
) vI ikhw jWdw hY ikauik ies BwSw ivc bweInrI kof dI bjwey hdwieqW dy icMnHWqmk nWvW dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY[ AsYNblI BwSw dIAW hdwieqW dy icMnHWqmk nWvW ƒ AwswnI nwl Xwd r~iKAw jw skdw hY[
loA lyvl BwSwvW dy lwB:
ieh BwSwvW kMipaUtr hwrfvyAr nwl is~Dw sMprk (
Communicate/Interact
) kr skdIAW hn[
iehnW BwSwvW aupr kMipaUtr v~loN qyjI nwl kMm kIqw jWdw hY[
mSIn BwSw dIAW hwnIAW:
loA lyvl BwSwvW ivc pRogrwimMg leI pRogrwmr ƒ hwrfvyAr dI AMdrUnI bxqr dI jwxkwrI hoxw jrUrI huMdw hY[
loA lyvl BwSwvW ivc bxwey gey pRogrwm mSIn ifpYNfYNt (
Machine Dependent
) huMdy hn[
pRSn : BwSw tRWslytr kI huMdy hn? iksy ie~k tRWslytr dI ivAwiKAw kro[
auqr :
BwSw tRWslytrW ƒ BwSw pRosYsr
(Language Processor)
vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh isstm-pRogrwm huMdy hn[ BwSw tRWslytrW ƒ iqAwr krn dw mksd do mu~K kMmW ƒ krvwauxw hY: pihlw, sors pRogrwmW ƒ AwbjYkt kof
(Object Code)
iv~c tRWslyt krnw Aqy dusrw, sors pRogrwm ivc isMtYks-glqIAW
(Syntax Errors)
dw pqw lgwauxw[ hryk BwSw dw Awpxw tRWslytr pRogrwm huMdw hY jo isrP aus Kws BwSw iv~c ilKy pRogrwm ƒ hI tRWslyt kr skdw hY[ AsYNblr, kMpweIlr Aqy ieMtrpRYtr BwSw tRWslytrW dIAW audwhrxW hn[
AsYNblr
: ieh ie~k Aijhw BwSw tRWslytr hY jo AsYNblI BwSw ivc ilKy pRogrwm ƒ mSIn BwSw ivc qbdIl krdw hY[ AsYNblI BwSw ivc ilKy gey pRogrwm ƒ sors pRogrwm ikhw jWdw hY[ ies sors pRogrwm ƒ kMipaUtr is~Dy qOr qy nhIN smJ skdw[ ies leI iesƒ mSIn dy smJx Xog Pwrmyt ivc tRWslyt krnw jrUrI hY[ ieh AsYNblr hI hY jo AsYNblI BwSw dy sors pRogrwm ƒ mSIn dy smJxXog pRogrwm ivc qbdIl krdw hY[ tRWslySn qoN bwAd bxy kof ƒ EbjYkt pRogrwm ikhw jWdw hY ijsdI vrqoN krdy hoey pRosYsr pRogrwm ƒ clwauxXog bxdw hY[
pRSn : AYlgoirQm kI huMdw hY? auhnW v~K-v~K ivSySqwvW dw vrnx kro jo ie~k AYlgoirQm iv~c hoxIAW cwhINdIAW hn[
auqr :
AYlgoirQm bnwauxw kMipaUtr pRogrwimMg dI muF~lI jrUrq hY[ ieh id~qI geI sm~isAw ƒ ikvyN h~l krnw hY, iesdw kdm-dr-kdm ie~k vyrvw huMdw hY[ ie~k AYlgoirQm iv~c sIimq kdm huMdy hn Aqy iesdw (shI jW glq) nqIzw (
result
) hr hwlq ivc inkldw hY[ ie~k pRogrwm bnwaux qoN pihlW, ie~k pRogrwmr pihlW AYlgoirQm sY~t krdw hY[ ie~k AYlgoirQm iv~c hyT ilKIAW ivSySqwvW hoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn:
hr kdm shI hoxw cwhIdw hY[
hr kdm spSt hoxw cwhIdw hY, ArQwq ies dw dohrw ArQ nhIN hoxw cwhIdw[
ienpu~t Aqy Awautpu~t ƒ swvDwnI nwl inrDwrq krnw cwhIdw hY[
kdmW ƒ AinSicq smyN leI nhIN duhrwieAw jwxw cwhIdw[
kdmW ƒ lwgU krn qoN bwAd, loVINdw Awautpu~t hr hwl ivc pRwpq hoxw cwhINdw hY[
pRSn : kMipaUtr pRogrwmW ivc v~K-v~K iksmW dIAW glqIAW dw vrnx kro[
auqr :
Awm qOr qy pRogrwmW ivc hyT ilKIAW do iksmW dIAW glqIAW imldIAW hn:
isMtYks glqIAW
(Syntax Errors):
ieh glqIAW pRogrwm bnwauNdy smyN audoN huMdIAW hn jdoN AsIN pRogRwimMg BwSw dy inXmW jW isMtYks dI pwlxw nhIN krdy[ kMpweIlrW duAwrw kMpwielySn pRikirAw dOrwn ies iksm dIAW glqIAW Awpxy Awp l~BIAW jWdIAW hn[ ie~k pRogrwm ƒ sPlqw pUrvk aus smyN q~k kMpweIl nhIN kIqw jw skdw jdoN q~k pRogrwm iv~clIAW swrIAW isMtYks glqIAW ƒ TIk nhIN kr id~qw jWdw[ sI BwSw ivc isMtYks glqIAW dIAW ku~J audwhrx hn: sYmIkwln nw lgwauxw, vyrIeybl ifklyrySn krnw Bu~l jwxw Awid[
lwjIkl glqIAW
(Loigcal Errors):
ieh glqIAW audoN huMdIAW hn jdoN pRogrwm dy lwjIk iv~c glqIAW hox[ jykr swfy pRogrwm iv~c lwjIkl-glqIAW hox qW ieh sPlqw pUrvk kMpwiel qW ho jwvygw pr ieh glq nqIjy/Awautpu~t pYdw krygw[ kMpweIlr duAwrw AijhIAW glqIAW l~BIAW nhIN jw skdIAW[ ieh fIb~igMg tUlz
(debugging tools
) dI mdd nwl AswnI nwl l~BIAw jw skdIAW hn[
ਪੂਰੇ ਨਾਮ ਲਿਖੋ
Opcode
EprySn kof
Operand
EprySn AYfrYs
4GL
PorQ jYnrySn lYNgueyz
SQL
strkcrf ikaUrI lYNgueyz
OOP
AwbjYkt ErIAYNitf pRogrwimMg
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