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ਆਪਰੇਟਿੰਗ ਸਿਸਟਮ

tweIm SyAirMg EpryitMg isstm ivc hryk XUzr ƒ id~qw igAw dw QOVHw ijhw smW ............ AKvwauNdw hY[

tweIm slweIs
trmInl

............. iek AijhI ivDI hY jo pRogrwmW, pRosYsW, jW XUzrz duAwrw kMipaUtr isstm dy sroqW q~k AsYs ƒ kMtrol krdI hY[

trmInl
pRotYkSn

........... ie~k Aijhw pRogrwm hY jo XUzr Aqy kMipaUtr hwrfvyAr ivckwr ie~k ieMtrPys dy qOr qy kMm krdw hY[

EpryitMg isstm
AwiPs tUlz

............ Awpxy Awp ƒ duhrwauNdy  (Replicate) hn Aqy swfy PC dIAW PweIlW Aqy pRogrwmW ƒ sMkrimq (Infect) krdy hn Aqy auhnW ƒ gYr-kwrjSIl bxw skdy hn[

kMipaUtr vwiers
tweIm SyAirMg

ਖਾਲੀ ਥਾਵਾਂ ਭਰੋ

tweIm SyAirMg EpryitMg isstm ivc hryk XUzr ƒ id~qw igAw CPU dw QOVHw ijhw smW ............ AKvwauNdw hY[

tweIm slweIs

............ iek AijhI ivDI hY jo pRogrwmW, pRosYsW, jW XUzrz duAwrw kMipaUtr isstm dy sroqW q~k AsYs ƒ kMtrol krdI hY[

pRotYkSn

………ie~k Aijhw pRogrwm hY jo XUzr Aqy kMipaUtr hwrfvyAr ivckwr ie~k ieMtrPys dy qOr qy kMm krdw hY[

EpryitMg isstm

............ Awpxy Awp ƒ duhrwauNdy (Replicate) hn Aqy swfy PCdIAW PweIlW Aqy pRogrwmW ƒ sMkrimq (Infect) krdy hn Aqy auhnW ƒ gYr-kwrjSIl Non-Functional) bxw skdy

kMipaUtr vwiers

ਸਹੀ ਗਲਤ

tweItlI-kplf isstmW ivc ieko pRwiemrI mYmorI huMdI hY, jo swry pRosYsrW duAwrw SyAr kIqI jWdI hY[

shI

mltI-XUzr EpryitMg isstm ie~k Aijhw isstm huMdw hY ijs ivc ie~k smyN isrP ie~k hI XUzr kMipaUtr isstm ƒ AsYs kr skdw hY[

Zlq

Confidentiality (gupqqw) ieh suinSicq krdI hY ik AYkscyNj kIqw igAw fwtw AxAiDkwrq (Unauthorized ) XUzrz q~k nw phuMcy[

shI

Pwiervwl swfy PC aupr AxAiDkwrq AsYs ƒ rok nhIN skdI[

Zlq

AYNtI-mwlvyAr kMipaUtr pRogrwm huMdy hn jo mwlvyArz ƒ rokx, l~Bx Aqy Kqm krn leI vrqy jWdy hn[

shI

ਛੋਟੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ

pRSn : EpryitMg isstm kI huMdw hY?

auqr : EpryitMg isstm iek isstm swPtvyAr hY[ ieh kMipaUtr ƒ clwaux leI vriqAw jWdw hY[ ieh ie~k Aijhw vwqwvrx pRdwn krdw hY ijs iv~c XUzr kMipaUtr isstm dI kuSlqw nwl vrqoN kr skdy hn[ EpryitMg isstm XUzr Aqy kMipaUtr hwrfvyAr ivckwr ie~k ieMtrPys dy qOr qy kMm krdw hY Aqy hr iksm dy pRogrwmW dy lwgUkrn ƒ kMtrol krdw hY[ EpryitMg isstmW dIAW audwhrnW hn: Windows, DOS, Unix, Linux, Mac OS Awid[

pRSn : EpryitMg isstm dIAW ku~J mu~K iksmW dy nW ilKo[

auqr :
Awm qOr qy vrqy jWdy EpryitMg isstm dIAW ku~J mu~K iksmW dy nW hyT ilKy Anuswr hn:
  • bYc EpryitMg isstm
  • mltI-pRogrwimMg EpryitMg isstm
  • tweIm-SyAirMg EpryitMg isstm
  • mltI-pRosYisMg EpryitMg isstm
  • nY`tvrk EpryitMg isstm
  • rIAl tweIm EpryitMg isstm

pRSn : EpryitMg isstm dy mu`K PMkSnW dI iek ilst iqAwr kro[

auqr :
EpryitMg isstm dy mu~K PMkSnW dI ilst hyTW idqI geI hY:
1. pRogrwmW ƒ lwgU krnw
2. ienput / Awautpu~t EprySnz
3. PweIl isstm sMbMDI kMm krnw
4. sMcwr
5. glqIAW l~Bxw
6. swDnW dI vMf krnw
7. sur`iKAw

pRSn : kMipaUtr sur~iKAw Kqry (Computer Security Threats ) kI huMdy hn? auhnW dy nW ilKo[

auqr :
kMipaUtr sur~iKAw Kqry swfy kMipaUtr isstm aupr iksy vI sMBwvI Kqrnwk hmly ƒ drswauNdy hn[ ieh Kqry swfy kMipaUtr dy kMmkwj ƒ pRBwivq kr skdy hn[ kMipaUtr sur~iKAw KqirAW dIAW sB qoN nukswndyh iksmW hyTW id~qIAW geIAW hn:
  • mwlvyAr
  • iPiSMg
  • rUtikt
  • kIlOgr

pRSn : Pwiervwl (Firewall) kI hY?

auqr : ie~k Pwiervwl ieMtrnY~t Aqy swfy lokl eyrIAw nY~tvrk ivckwr sur~iKAw gwrf vjoN kMm krdw hY[ ieh hYkrW ƒ swfy isstm 'qy hmlw krn qoN rokdw hY[ Pwiervwl swfy kMipaUtr q~k AxAiDkwrq phuMc ƒ rok ky swfy fwtw dI sur~iKAw krdw hY[ swfI jwxkwrI ƒ v~K-v~K sur~iKAw KqirAW qoN sur~iKAq krn iv~c mdd krdw hY[

ਵੱਡੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ

pRSn : EpryitMg isstm dy v~K-v~K PMkSnW dw vrnx kro[

auqr :
EpryitMg isstm dy v~K-v~K PMkSnW dw vrnx ies pRkwr hY:
pRogrwmW ƒ lwgU krnw: EpryitMg isstm kMipaUtr ivc XUzr pRogrwmW qoN lY ky isstm pRogrwmW ƒ lwgU krn dw kMm krdw hY[
ienpu~t AwaUtpu~t AwprySn: EpryitMg isstm kMipaUtr ivc ienpu~t Aqy AwaUtpu~t nwl sMbMDq AwprySnW ƒ kMtrol krn dw kMm krdw hY[
PweIl isstm nwl sMbMDq kMm krnw: EpryitMg isstm kMipaUtr isstm ivc PweIlW Aqy PolfrW ƒ pRbMDq krn dw kMm krdw hY[
sMcwr: EpryitMg isstm kMipaUtr isstm ivc v~K-v~K XMqrW Aqy pRogrwmW ivckwr sMcwr krn dw kMm krdw hY[
glqIAW l~Bxw: EpryitMg isstm kMipaUtr isstm ivc v~K-v~K iksmW dIAW glqIAW l~B ky auhnW ƒ shI krn dw kMm krdw hY[
sroqW dI vMf krnw: kMipaUtr isstm dy v~K-v~K swDnW, ijvyN ik: mYmrI, CPU, storyz Awid ƒ pRbMD krn dw kMm vI EpryitMg isstm duAwrw hI kMm kIqw jWdw hY[
sur`iKAw : EpryitMg isstm XUzr fwtw Aqy pRogrwmW ƒ sur~iKAw pRdwn krdw hY Aqy ieh suinSicq krdw hY ik swry sroq iksy vI AxAiDkwirq AsYs qoN sur`iKAq rihx[

pRSn : isMgl XUzr Aqy mltI-XUzr EpryitMg isstmW ivckwr AMqr ilKo[

auqr : isMgl XUzr Aqy mltI-XUzr EpryitMg isstm ivckwr AMqr hyTW idqy Anuswr hY:-

 isMgl XUzr EpryitMg isstm

1. ienHW isstmW iv`c ie`k smyN isrP ie`k XUzr kMipaUtr nUM AsY`s kr skdw hY[

2. ie`k isMgl XUzr nUM hI kMipaUtr dy swry sroq dy id`qy jWdy hn[

3. isMgl XUzr hox kwrx isstm dI  pRosYisMg qyz huMdI hY[

4. isMgl XUzr EpryitMg isstm sDwrx huMdy hn[

5. audwhrxw :- MS DOS, Windows 95, Windows 2000 Awid

mltI-XUzr EpryitMg isstm

1. ienHW isstmW iv`c ie`k smyN ie`k qoN v`D XUzr kMipaUtr nUM AsY`s kr skdy hn[

2. kMipaUtr isstmW dy swry sroq keI v`K-v`K XUzrz ivckwr vMf id`qy jWdy hn[

3. ikauNik sroqW nUM keI XUzrz iv`c vMifAW jWdw hY[ ies leI isstm dI pRosYisMg hOlI huMdI hY[

4. mltIXUzr EpryitMg isstm guMJldwr huMdy hn[

5. audwhrxw :- Linux, Unix Awid

pRSn : tweIm-SyAirMg EpryitMg isstm kI hY? iesdy Pwiedy Aqy nukswn ilKo[

auqr :
tweIm SyAirMg isstm dw pRmu`K isDWq hY v`fI igxqI iv`c XUzrz nUM ie`ko smyN kMipaUtr q`k is`DI phuMc pRdwn krnw hY[ iek Aijhw isstm hY ijs iv~c bhuq swry trmInl/XUzr ie~ko smyN ie`k mu`K kMipaUtr isstm nwl juVy huMdy hn[ hryk XUzr dy pRogrwm ƒ c`krnumW qrIky nwl CPU dw QoVHw ijhw smW id~qw jWdw hY[ hryk XUzr ƒ id~qw igAw ieh Cotw ijhw CPU dw smW tweIm slweIs jW tweIm kuAWtm AKvwauNdw hY[ ies isstm ivc ie~k XUzr qoN Agly XUzr q~k bhuq qyzI nwl siv`c kIqw jWdw hY[
tweIm-SyAirMg isstm dy Pwiedy:
• CPU dw ivhly rihx dw smW GtwauNdw hY[
• kwgzW dI vrqoN ƒ GtwauNdw hY[
• swPtvyArW dI fuplIkySn qoN bcwauNdw hY[
tweIm-SyAirMg isstm dy nukswn:
• XUzr pRogrwmW leI v~fI mu~K mYmorI dI loV pYNdI hY[
• ies isstm ivc CPU SYfIaUilMg qknIk dI loV pYNdI hY[
• mYmorI mYnyjmYNt dI loV pYNdI hY[

pRSn : mltI-pRosYisMg EpryitMg isstm kI hY? ibAwn kro[

auqr : mltIpRosYisMg isstm iek Aijhw isstm huMdw hY ijs ivc do jW do qoN v~D CPU Awps iv~c juVy huMdy hn[ ieh isstm ie~ko smyN iek qoN v~D pRogrwmW ƒ clwaux dI smr~Qw r~Kdy hn[ieh isstm keI pRogrwmW nUM ie`ko smyN clwaux dI smr`Qw r`Kdy hn[ Aijhy isstm iv`c v`Kry v`Kry Aqy suqMqr pRogrwmW dIAW hdwieqW au`pr ie`ko smyN v`K-v`K CPUs duAwrw kMm kIqw jWdw hY, jW CPUs ie``ko smyN ie`k hI pRogrwmW dIAW v`K-v`K hdwieqW au`pr kMm krdy hn[ mltIpRosYisMg isstm do iksmW dy huMdy hn- tweItlI kplf isstm Aqy lUzlI kplf isstm[ tweItlI kplf isstm iv`c ie`ko pRwiemrI mYmrI huMdI hY, jo swry pRosYsrW duAwrw SyAr kIqI jWdI hY, jdoN ik lUzlI kplf iv`c hryk pRosYsr dI AwpxI -AwpxI lokl mYmrI huMdI hY[ tweItlI kplf isstm dI

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